EVALUACIÓN ESPACIO TEMPORAL DEL CRECIMIENTO DEL ABONO VERDE MEDIANTE TELEDETECCIÓN MULTIESPECTRAL CON UAV, SIG Y ANÁLISIS FISICOQUÍMICO DEL SUELO

Resumen

 This study evaluated the spatiotemporal dynamics of a green manure mixture (Vicia sativa L. and Avena sativa L.) under high-Andean conditions using multispectral UAV remote sensing, GIS, and soil physicochemical analysis. Field experiments were conducted at an altitude of 2,850 m above sea level using DJI Mavic 3 Multispectral UAV. Data were collected in March and May 2026. Correlation analysis was performed between vegetation indices (NDVI, SAVI, and NDRE) and soil physicochemical properties, including pH, organic carbon, phosphorus, potassium, and soil texture. Laboratory analyses showed that the soil was slightly alkaline, with a sandy loam texture but low concentrations of organic carbon and available phosphorus. Multispectral imagery revealed a considerable increase in canopy vigor and biomass between the two monitoring dates. SAVI effectively minimized soil background effects during the early growth stage, whereas NDVI showed greater temporal variability associated with biomass development. In contrast, NDRE remained relatively stable, indicating a more uniform chlorophyll distribution and physiological condition of the crop. The integration of multispectral UAV imagery, GIS, and soil physicochemical analysis proved to be an effective approach for assessing the spatiotemporal development of green manure crops under high-Andean conditions. This integrated methodology enabled the identification of spatial variability in crop development associated with soil physicochemical properties, providing valuable information to support site-specific crop management and sustainable agricultural practices.