IMPORTANCIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL PARA ENTENDER LA CONTAMINACIÓN DE AGUA POR
METALES PESADOS EN LAS MICROCUENCAS DE LA PROVINCIA DE COTOPAXI
permitirá que los habitantes de la región apliquen medidas de protección y restauración de
sus recursos hídricos. Además, la educación ambiental puede empoderar a las personas para
exigir políticas más estrictas y una gestión ambiental responsable por parte de las
autoridades.
Palabras clave: Metales pesados, Cotopaxi, contaminación, salud, educación ambiental
ABSTRACT: The micro-basins of the province of Cotopaxi have been the subject of various
investigations that have revealed serious problems of contamination of various parameters. In
this article we have paid special attention to scientific works on contamination by the presence
of heavy metals; the same ones that suppose a significant risk due to the consumption of
contaminated waters in the long term both locally and nationally. Cotopaxi, due to its volcanic
geology, presents contamination by metals in its water sources and, in this way, the need arises
to carry out a detailed study of the possible contaminants of this area and to apply
fundamentals of environmental education to suggest proposals for improvement for the
communities that make use and consume this vital liquid. In collaboration with the
decentralized government of the province of Cotopaxi, a review of the current legal regulations
regarding the water care of the country and the technical participation of teachers, it was
achieved through investigative work of a documentary nature and field visits, to establish a
baseline of data that allowed to identify the main sources of contamination. From this
information, objectives were set for an environmental proposal that would delve deeper into
the problem in subsequent studies. As a result of this work, it is reflected that success in
combating pollution does not only depend on technical analyses, but also on the awareness
and active participation of local communities. It is proposed that, through roundtable
discussions or the dissemination of environmental knowledge, it is possible to foster a greater
understanding of the impacts of pollution and promote sustainable practices. Integrating these
educational processes will allow the inhabitants of the region to apply measures to protect and
restore their water resources. In addition, environmental education can empower people to
demand stricter policies and responsible environmental management by the authorities.
Keywords: Heavy Metals, Cotopaxi, Pollution, Health, Environmental Education
INTRODUCCIÓN
En la provincia de Cotopaxi una de las principales fuentes del deterioro de la calidad de las
microcuencas se da por las diferentes actividades industriales como: metalúrgicas, automotrices,
papeleras; actividades agrícolas: descargas de plaguicidas, herbicidas y asentamientos
poblacionales: aguas servidas y desechos, etc. En diferentes estudios técnicos realizados por el
varias instituciones que regulan y velan por el bienestar del recurso hídrico muestran que los ríos
de la provincia de Cotopaxi por sus características físico químicas están altamente contaminados,
además se corrobora la presencia en diferentes de contaminantes de carácter
metálico y entre los más perjudiciales que sobrepasan la norma técnica ambiental vigente son:
cromo (1), (2), (3), (4), plomo (2), (3), (5), arsénico, cadmio y boro (6), (7),(8),(9),(10). Al realizar
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